Neutrophil Elastase
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Human Neutrophil Elastase (ELA2, Elastase-2) protein/peptide prepared from whole human blood.
Overview
Leukocyte elastase is one of several hydrolytic enzymes contained in the azurophil granules of human neutrophils exhibiting a relative molecular weight of 29.5 kDa, differs from pancreatic elastase in specificity on synthetic substrates and in inhibitor sensitivity. The enzyme is also a serine proteinase, but shows only moderate sequence homology with pancreatic elastase. It has a very narrow specificity, cleaving Val-X bonds preferentially, and Ala-X links to a lesser extent. It has been shown to degrade elastin, cartilage proteoglycans, several collagens and fibronectin. Physiologically, it is involved in the degradation of foreign materials ingested during phagocytosis. Damage to connective tissue caused by leakage of enzymes is normally limited by proteinase inhibitors. It has been suggested that insufficient levels of these inhibitors leads to pulmonary emphysema, and elastase in particular has been implicated in abnormal lung connective tissue turnover.
Alternate Names/Synonyms:
- Lysosomal elastase
- Bone marrow serine protease
- Medullasin
- Polymorphoneuclear leukocyte elastse
- Elaszym
- Serine Elastase
- Granulocyte Elastase
- ELA2
- Elastase-2
Data/Specifications
Molecular Form: The protein consists of a single polypeptide chain of 218 amino acids I30 ... Q247 with a relative molecular weight of about 29.5 kDa.
Concentration: 200 ug/mL
Purity: Neutrophil elastase appears in SDS-PAGE as a broadprotein band at a Mr of 29 kDa.
Form: The enzyme is dissolved in 10 mM acetate buffer pH 5.5.
Specific Activity: Activity of human neutrophil elastase is assayed employing the synthetic chromogenic peptide Methoxysuccinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Val-4-nitroanilide (0.3 mM final concentration) in 0.1 M Tris-HCl pH 8 at 25 °C. One unit will release 1 μmole of 4-nitroanilide per minute from the substrate at 25 °C, pH 8.0. Under the specified conditions the specific activity is >20 U/mg. The enzyme is approximately 90% active by titration with α1-antitrypsin.
Inhibitors: Human neutrophil elastase is inhibited by Aprotinin, N-(methoxysuccinyl)-Ala-Ala-Pro-Valchloromethyl ketone, diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP), phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin, Elastinal, eglin C fragment 60-63 methyl ester, N-acetyl-eglin C and α2-macroglobulin.
Literature/Support
Human Neutrophil Elastase Insert (PDF, 314 KB)
How To Use
- Degradation of extracellular matrix components such as elastin, cartilage proteoglycans, collagens and fibronectin.
- Screening and characterization of inhibitors
- Therapeutical implications: Neutrophil elastase is a drug target for emphysema, cystic fibrosis, adult respiratory stress syndrome and other diseases.